A Preliminary Comparison of Different F Based Shotcrete Accelerators on Their Performance in Cement from Both Microscopic and Macroscopic Point of Views

The adaptability of accelerators to cement is a crucial factor in the field of shotcrete. Accelerators, complex liquids prepared through physicochemical reactions, exhibit significant variations due to diverse production processes. Therefore, an exploration and analysis of the specific products’ microscopic states are essential to fundamentally propel the development of accelerator technology. This paper investigated the differences among four accelerators from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, asserting that physical reactions, rather than chemical reactions, play a dominant role in the accelerator system.