Recent Advances in Micropropagation of Phoenix dactylifera: A Plant with Antiallergic Properties

Phoenix dactylifera L., commonly known as date palm, is an economically important plant belonging to the monocotyledon plant group, cultivated in subtropical and desert regions. Since ancient times, the highest richness of many important bioactive compounds in date palm tissues has confirmed its medicinal properties. The edible fruit has adequate nutritional importance for a healthy human life in the form of antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antisterility properties. This chapter sheds light on one of the date palm’s therapeutic properties as an antiallergic agent and presents comprehensive information on the effective contribution of biotechnology as an alternative method of date palm propagation by the tissue culture technique, using shoot tips and inflorescence explants through the organogenesis protocol of the direct adventitious shoot production, or direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis protocol under the hormonal factor controlling, in particular, the histological analysis of the differentiated somatic embryo development and their conversion into plantlets, further essential stages of micropropagation process during the multiplication and elongation of the regenerated shoots until the pre-acclimatization and acclimatization of the new plantlets produced from both protocols, genetic stability evaluation compared to the mother plants, and the main challenges that hinder the micropropagation process of the date palm.