Bioprocess Strategies for the Production of Short-Chain Organic Acids from Microbial Cells

The utilization of biotechnological processes to extract valuable compounds from renewable feedstocks is becoming increasingly popular. It is a cost-effective solution for producing fuels, building blocks, and solvents from biomass. Organic acids are naturally occurring metabolites that have a broad range of applications in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and bio-based materials. Short-chain organic acids, specifically those within the C2 to C6 range, play a vital role as intermediate metabolites in cells and can also be used as substitutes for certain chemical products in the market. Organic acids can serve as precursors for various bulk chemicals and commercially significant polymers. However, for bio-based production to be cost-effective, microbial production systems must achieve exceptional results in terms of yield, productivity, purity, and substrate consumption flexibility. Although microbial organic acids have been predominantly used in food-based industries, they offer great potential as precursors for various chemicals that could enhance their marketability. Our book chapter delves into the latest advances in metabolic engineering that have facilitated the development of microbial cell factories capable of producing crucial organic acids for industrial use. We also provide an overview of recent progress and challenges in producing short-chain organic acids using microbial cell factories.