Repatriation of Rohingya Refugees: Prospects and Challenges

This chapter critically examines the potential for Rohingya refugee repatriation from Bangladesh to Myanmar, adopting an interdisciplinary approach. It combines political, legal, and humanitarian perspectives to highlight the complexities and challenges. The research includes stakeholder interviews, official statements, and literature reviews to present a nuanced understanding of prospects, obstacles, and pathways for safe and voluntary returns. Beginning with an overview of the Rohingya crisis, it contextualises within the historical backdrop of the Rohingya-Muslim minority in Myanmar, emphasising the need for a sustainable, rights-based solution. The chapter explores Bangladesh’s perspective on repatriation, analysing its humanitarian approach, challenges in hosting refugees, and diplomatic efforts. Expert opinions on feasibility and challenges, Bangladesh–Myanmar relations, geopolitical factors, and international roles are incorporated. Rohingya voices are amplified to reveal fears and aspirations, while Myanmar’s position and crisis-addressing efforts are examined. Key success factors, such as citizenship frameworks and trust-building mechanisms, are meticulously evaluated, along with the roles of regional and international stakeholders and ongoing legal proceedings. Concluding with synthesised insights, it underscores sustained dialogue and cooperation for a just and sustainable solution, ensuring the safe and voluntary return of Rohingya refugees within a comprehensive approach.