Green Hydrogen Production: Bridging the Gap to a Sustainable Energy Future

The production of green hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution to address global energy demands and environmental concerns. This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of sustainable pathways and technological advancements in green hydrogen production. Emphasizing its significance as a clean energy carrier, the chapter explores the utilization of renewable sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power for electrolysis processes. Various electrolysis methods, including alkaline, PEM, and SOEC, are discussed, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and commercial applications. Addressing challenges, the chapter emphasizes efficient energy storage and grid integration to balance intermittent power supply. Additionally, it explores green hydrogen’s integration with transportation, industry, and power generation for decarbonization goals. Recent technological advancements are examined, focusing on cutting-edge catalysts and materials to enhance electrolyzer performance and sustainability. Emerging technologies like photo-electrochemical and biological hydrogen production present novel alternatives to conventional electrolysis. Economic and policy aspects are explored, covering cost reduction strategies, research investments, and supportive policies. The importance of international collaboration for a sustainable energy transition is emphasized. Overall, this chapter serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals, offering insights into sustainable pathways, technological advancements, and the challenges and opportunities in green hydrogen production.