Advances in the Solar Thermal Systems Assisted Production of Green Hydrogen: Its Analysis, Scaling-Up Techniques, and Economics Aspects as Applied to Tropical Regions

Hydrogen (H2) production currently faces difficulties with regard to its feasibility in terms of cost competitiveness when compared to traditional fossil fuel-based H2 production systems. In these conditions, producing green hydrogen (GH) using solar thermal systems (STS) is undoubtedly a viable and promising option. The present study examines recent developments in the application of various STSs for the production of GH with a focus on their actual analytical approach, application, scaling-up strategies, and economic viability, particularly in the context of tropical regions. GH offers an opportunity to decarbonize various critical sectors, such as transportation, industry, and power generation. It facilitates a smooth transition to a low-carbon economy and aids nations in achieving their climate goals. The chapter opens up with an emphasis on the value of renewable energy sources for the generation of power for any country in the introductory part. An overview of the various STSs used to produce H2 is provided in the section that follows. The effectiveness and practicality of the new STSs used for GH generation are also critically assessed. This comprises life cycle evaluations, techno-economic analysis, and modeling and simulation approaches. Finally, the economics of GH production in developing nations using STSs is investigated. The critical observation and findings are intended to educate policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders on the potential of these technologies to promote sustainable development and energy transition in the targeted tropical regions.