Underground Space Planning in New Urban District Based on the Chinese Modern Garden City Concept: A Case Study of Sub-Central City in Jinan, China

Since China’s reform and opening-up, expanding urban areas has been mainstreaming to meet the demands of society in the face of rapid urbanization. Many of these contemporary new districts still face common urban problems such as disorderly land construction, negative built environment, and severe traffic congestion. Against this backdrop, the underground space presents a valuable urban resource that can significantly influence sustainable urban development and alleviate complex urban issues. To illustrate this point, this paper examines the case study of Jinan sub-central city, covering an area of approximately 35 km2. This paper will generalize the Chinese modern garden city concept and integrate it into the preparation of objectives, methods, schemes, and construction modes, establishing the green, ecological, and sustainable underground space in the new district. These advanced concepts and practice work from the case study will provide potential support and assistants for the future underground space construction in new districts.