Land Suitability Assessment for Arabica Coffee Plantations in Central Aceh Indonesia Using Fuzzy Membership Theory

Arabica coffee is an important commodity for the people of Central Aceh, both in terms of economic and cultural value. This plant requires land suitability criteria to support productivity, but the existing global climate change conditions could lead to persistent changes in ecosystems. Geographical information system (GIS) learning has offered solutions by providing land suitability assessment to mitigate potential climate change problems. The aim of this study is to assess the land suitability for arabica coffee plantations in Central Aceh, Indonesia. The parameters used are land use and land cover (LULC), elevation, slope, temperature, and rainfall, which are then combined with fuzzy membership analysis, and the output is provided in the form of a land suitability map for arabica coffee plantations. Fuzzy systems are very helpful for further development and application in land suitability assessment by generating different values of each parameter, ranging from 0 to 1. The results show that the land suitability in Central Aceh can be summarized as follows: 43.77% comprises S1 (highly suitable), 37.51% comprises S2 (moderately suitable), 18.41% comprises S3 (marginally suitable), and 0.31% comprises N (not suitable). The analysis shows that the northern area of Central Aceh Province is included in land suitability class S1 or the high suitability class, which can be developed for the expansion of arabica coffee plantations in Central Aceh. Therefore, by determining the suitability state, farmers can better understand which areas should be prioritized for developing coffee plantations.