The Established Islam vs. the New Emerging Islam Utopia and Islamic Activism in an Era of Transition

The clash within IslamIslam begins first with the colonialTraditionalist era polarisation of Muslim groups and then proceeds with contestation among groups shaped by Islam’s encounter and response to modernisation since the early twentieth century influenced by the political policies of the Netherlands East Indies government called the Ethical Policy. Instituted at the turn of the nineteenth century, the policyPolicy was expected to correct earlier exploitative policies of the colonial regime.