A State Machine EMS Based on Equivalent Consumption Minimization for Hybrid Power System in UAVs

To enhance the efficiency of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hybrid system and prolong the lifespan of the UAV, this paper proposes an energy management method of hybrid power systems based on a three-port DC/DC converter (TPC). In this method, the equivalent hydrogen consumption strategy (EHCS) is effectively combined with the state machine strategy (SMS), which leverages the complementary advantages of both strategies. It not only improves the issue of inequitable power allocation results from the EHCS but also overcomes the limitation of the SMS in achieving optimal system performance. An experimental platform for hybrid power system of UAVs was established. Then the proposed methodology was compared with the traditional SMS, which revealed that the proposed method reduces the hydrogen consumption by 300g compared to the traditional approach within 100 min. The findings underscored the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in enhancing fuel efficiency and system performance, consequently prolonging the lifespan of UAVs.