Environment Driven and Task Driven Modeling of Air-Sea Cross-Domain Channels

This article uses a combination of environment-driven and task-driven methods to model the channel in a cross-domain communication system involving UAV, gateways, and underwater nodes. The modeling process incorporates environmental parameters such as relative permittivity, conductivity, sea surface wind speed, and seamount height, as well as task-driven information including carrier frequency, node positions, and distances. By inputting the information according to specific requirements, a more realistic channel model can be achieved. Specifically, the UAV-gateway wireless channel employs the CI model to characterize the atmospheric losses, considering losses caused by sea surface reflection and introducing receiver noise. The gateway-underwater acoustic channel adopts Bellhop to model the sea surface, seabed, and water environment, incorporating temporal variability and Doppler frequency shift through the Waymark model, and accounting for ambient oceanic noise. The channel modeling presented in this paper provides a theoretical foundation for air-sea cross-domain network algorithm and predictions for subsequent sea trial experiments, demonstrating practical engineering value.