Mathematical Modeling of Electrical Energy Storage System and Off-Grid Wind Turbine System Based on Load Demand Response

Regarding the significance of providing electricity to areas that are so remote from power networks, this study focused on the analysis and modeling of an independent micro grid. A Load demand response is a major part of this system to fulfill the electrical energy requirement on consumer end. An energy storage-based control system requires the design and implementation of a power conversion system. Energy storage systems can be used to mitigate the fluctuations from intermittent renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a design of the 8.5 kW wind turbine which incorporates the energy storage system to diminish the fluctuations. The proposed system consists of double conversion, i.e. AC-DC and DC to AC. AC -DC conversion is done by the rectifier and the output is connected to a common DC bus at which the controller and the energy storage system are connected. The controller conditional base algorithm checks the battery parameters, load, and dump load conditions. The SOC of the battery is set at 0.6 and 0.8, so dc bus bar line sets to be reference voltage to avoid the harmonics on output according to the requirement of the load. To achieve the reference voltage from the wind source and battery source then design a controller for the PWM inverter that observes the ac output of the inverter and its control for fluctuations then feeds back to the inverter in the form of gate pulses for smooth output.