Solid State Additive Manufacturing: An Unconventional Technique to Fabricate Composite

In this chapter, solid-state additive technique based on friction-stir processing method has been analyzed for its application in manufacturing of composites, known as friction-stir additive manufacturing. The method includes layer-by-layer deposition of materials through rotation of tool to bring high temperature through severe plastic deformation. It implicates surface cladding, alimentation of material through wire/powder, friction-surfacing, functionally graded materials, and friction stir processing as variation to the other methods. The mixing of material deposition in each layer exhibited the homogeneous and dense structures. The component fabricated by friction stir additive manufacturing had enabled distortion and lower levels of residual stress as compared to fusion-based additive processes. This technique has got the potential to accomplish higher ductility and isotropic strength with drastically increasing the materials productivity rates. These techniques are applicable to materials like aluminium/magnesium/titanium alloys, nickel-base superalloys or steels. In this chapter, various articles of solid-state manufacturing techniques are analyzed. The process parameters of friction stir additive manufacturing methods along with the outcome of the experiments performed on alloy/metal or fabrication of composites materials have been critically reviewed.