A Dual-Band Radiometer Utilizing a Distributed Active Hot- and Cold-Load

With the development of geological remote sensing and meteorological observations, radiometers with high sensitivity architectures have been implemented in the last few decades, assisting researchers to better investigate the low-level electromagnetic radiation raw data. The total power radiometer [1–3] utilizes the fullest amount of collected information during one measuring period, resulting in high sensitivity [4]. The Dicke radiometer alleviates the gain-fluctuation issue by employing a synchronized switch between the antenna and receiver [5–8], and achieves a more stabilized radiometer system at the expense of reduced sensing time. The derivative forms of radiometer with calibration function also include noise adding radiometers [9–12].