A Robust Satisficing Decision Model for Aggregator to Participate in Electricity Market Considering Users’ Willingness to Respond

As an emerging market entity, aggregators can participate in the electricity market bidding by aggregating electric vehicle (EV) and 5G base station energy storage resources with small individual capacity. This paper proposes a robust decision model for aggregators to participate in the electricity market that takes into account users’ willingness to respond, in order to address the problem that users’ willingness to respond is not fully considered when evaluating aggregators’ response capability and aggregators face multiple uncertainties in bidding decisions in the electricity market. Firstly, based on the principle of consumer psychology, the EV user response willingness model is established. The response capability evaluation model of an individual EV and base station energy storage is established, and the response capability of aggregator is evaluated on this basis. Taking into account the uncertainty of EV users’ willingness to respond, market price and frequency regulation signal, a robust satisficing optimization model for aggregator participation in the electricity market is constructed. The superiority of the proposed model over the traditional IGDT optimization model is verified by a numerical example. Under the same target income, the actual income of the aggregator is increased by 24%, and the violation probability of constraints is reduced by 9.87%. The influence of incentive strength on the income of the aggregator is also analyzed. The proposed strategy can provide reference for the bidding decision of aggregators. Aggregators can use the proposed model to balance the economy and robustness of decision behavior reasonably.