Electromagnetic Sensitivity Analysis of Radio Frequency Front-End Module in Wireless Intelligent Sensors Subjected to Nanosecond Electromagnetic Pulse

Wireless intelligent sensors are being widely used in power system, which can perceive the measured information, transform the perceived information into an electrical signal and even conduct analysis and diagnosis. As one of the most important components in wireless intelligent sensors, radio frequency (RF) front-end module becomes more and more sensitive to electromagnetic interference (EMI) with the increasingly severe electromagnetic environment in high voltage and extra high voltage power equipment. Therefore, it is extremely vital to discuss the characteristics of EMI on the typical RF front-end module of wireless intelligent sensors. In the present work, the nanosecond electromagnetic pulse (EMP) wave was produced by high voltage nanosecond pulse generator and radiation antenna. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic model was built by the CST Studio, and the numerical simulation of the coupling and conduction voltages has been carried out. The coupling transient electromagnetic disturbance on the custom-designed RF front-end module was measured. The bent and impedance variation microstrip segments would receive more coupling energy during the radiation. This work should be of great benefit to understand the coupling mechanism under different conditions and explore the method of electromagnetic protection.