Healthy balanced dietary patterns are important for maintaining good health and to prevent and combat noncommunicable diseases. Health promotion is key for improving quality of life. Over the life-course, healthy nutrition and lifestyles shape health outcomes and are critical for disease prevention. For health promotion, there is a great need to target women of reproductive age for adopting healthy lifestyles and conferring health benefits to their children, thereby giving them a positive start to life. Health promotion should target specific life phases, recognizing the complexity of the interplay of risk factors, noncommunicable diseases, and the role of healthy nutrition and lifestyles to promote health. This will be discussed in the chapter.