Stress, being a natural human response to safeguard and activate nervous system’s response in face of a challenging and threatening situation, is experienced by every human being. While the experience of stress is common for all and an optimal level of stress is necessary for performance, experience of prolonged stress is a concern for every human being and has long-term health consequences. Prolonged exposure to stressful situation has been linked to a variety of health concerns including but not limited to chest pain, headaches, high blood pressure, muscle tension, digestive problems, lower immune, heart failure, and so on. It can also lead to emotional, psychological, and behavioral symptoms such as anxiety, depression, alcoholism, smoking, compulsive behaviors, and so on. Prolonged stress at workplace is known as work or occupational stress which is found to be linked with a variety of problems both for employees and for the organization. It increases the organizational costs, increases employee turnover and absenteeism, and decreases productivity and employee’s motivation to work. The present chapter attempts to uncover the complexity of stress by classifying stressors, delineating the stress response, categorizing types of stress, and envisaging the probable outcomes for persons as well as organizations. It also presents a synthesis of available literature to present potential interventions at organizational levels to alleviate the negative effects of stress and to promote holistic well-being.