Human aging is a complex and dynamic physiological process that unfolds gradually over time. Gerontologists suggest that it typically begins in the fourth decade of life and eventually leads to increased susceptibility to disease and illness. This process is multifaceted and varies from person to person, affecting biological, psychological, and social aspects of life. Biological aging involves progressive changes in metabolism and the chemical properties of cells. These changes can hinder the body’s ability to self-regulate and regenerate, leading to structural and functional alterations in tissues and organs. Aging is a natural, irreversible process that may present as typical aging, successful aging, or pathological aging. The biological changes associated with aging can influence mood, environmental perceptions, physical health, social participation, and the roles of older adults within families and communities. Psychological aging refers to how individuals perceive and adapt to the aging process. Adaptation strategies differ widely, ranging from constructive attitudes to dependent or even hostile outlooks toward oneself and others. As people grow older, they often face greater difficulty adjusting to new circumstances, which may be accompanied by cognitive decline, reduced sensory capabilities, and changes in thought processes. Social aging is shaped by cultural norms and societal expectations, which evolve over time. It includes how individuals view their own aging and how society perceives aging overall. Positive health practices can play a key role in promoting successful aging. These include engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a nutritious diet, fostering mental stimulation, building strong social connections, managing stress, attending regular health check-ups, embracing lifelong learning, adopting a positive attitude, volunteering, and getting sufficient sleep. By adopting these strategies, older persons can enhance their overall well-being and quality of life in later years. This chapter explores the state of aging, the health of the elderly population, the factors influencing their health, and strategies to support and enhance their health and well-being for achieving healthy aging.