Virtual Social Networks and Health Behavior
摘要
A fundamental challenge in public health is to promote healthy behaviors that prevent the onset of disease. Developing effective prevention strategies that actively engage the population reduces the incidence of disease, optimizes health system resources, and improves quality of life. Traditionally, epidemiology has focused its efforts on reducing communicable diseases, which are generally easier to control. However, it is far from making similar progress in reducing noncommunicable diseases, where psychosocial factors play a key role in influencing health habits. In this context, prevention becomes a long-term investment focused on promoting habits that strengthen both collective and individual well-being. In recent years, social networks have shown great potential for influencing, modifying, and reinforcing health-related behaviors. The COVID-19 pandemic marked a turning point in the use of social media for health issues, significantly increasing their use by the population. In addition, the health crisis fully immersed people in the concept of digital health. The prolonged lockdown forced the intensive use of technology to mitigate the effects of physical distance. As a result, many people turned to social media for health information, often without realizing that much of this information may be inaccurate or misleading. On the other hand, several studies have shown how the social support received through networks can affect young people’s mental health, particularly their self-esteem. However, excessive use of these platforms also has negative health consequences, such as increased anxiety, low self-esteem, the emergence of depressive symptoms, and increased stress levels. This chapter addresses the impact of social networks on health behaviors and analyzes the variables that may have the greatest impact on this process.