Exploring Innovations for Streamlining Orphan Adoption: Harnessing Blockchain and Decentralized Solutions—A Survey and Comprehensive Framework

In the realm of orphan record management, conventional centralized systems, such as Management Information Systems (MIS) and government portals, have long been relied upon for their organizational benefits. However, they also come with notable drawbacks, including concerns about data security, privacy, and the extent of control over these critical records. The proposed solution, known as OrphChain, represents a fundamental shift in how we manage and track orphan records. This innovative system leverages blockchain technology, where the blockchain ledger serves as an immutable and highly secure repository. The governance and updating of orphan records are handled through smart contracts, providing a transparent and trustworthy framework. One of the key highlights of OrphChain is the empowerment it provides to orphans themselves. Moreover, authorized entities or sectors that require access to orphan records can do so seamlessly and securely via OrphChain, using unique identification (ID) and QR code mechanisms for verification. By harnessing the capabilities of blockchain technology, involving a wide range of stakeholders, and effectively utilizing MongoDB for off-chain data storage, the system not only brings orphan care processes into the digital age but also lays the foundation for a future that is more efficient, transparent, and secure for all parties involved in the orphan care ecosystem. To facilitate seamless interactions between the blockchain network and external applications, a back-end API has been implemented. This ensures that the benefits of OrphChain extend beyond the blockchain itself, making it a practical and versatile solution for the management of orphan records.