Evaluation and Comparison of Routing Protocols for Internet of Vehicles (IoV) Environment

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a term that refers to the ability of objects to interact with one another via the use of intelligent connecting devices. Conventional Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANET) were able to upgrade. Due to this functionality, they have renamed the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Real-time data exchange between automobiles, sensors, vehicles, roads, and personal gadgets via wireless communication is referred to as the IoV. The differences between VANETs and IoV are frequently misunderstood, leading to ambiguities. This paper elaborates on the differences between the communications architectures of VANET and IoV. In addition to that, the protocols related to the VANET and IoV are discussed and evaluated. The performance of the three different protocols, Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), Traffic Dynamism-Balanced Routing Protocol (TDBRP), and Intersection Gateway and Connectivity based Routing (IGCR), are evaluated on the different parameters like Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End-to-End (E2E) delay and packet drop ratio. Simulation results exhibit that IGCR shows a better PDR and TDBRP shows the minimum E2E delay.