Properties and Performance of Biopolymers in Textile Applications

Biopolymers are created from renewable resources, and those can provide environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional synthetic polymers. Biopolymers have always been the main source in textile industries, including cellulosic and protein fibres used as raw materials for textile products. But in recent years, the textile industry has become increasingly interested in biopolymers for other applications also because of their biodegradability, low carbon footprint, and compatibility with natural fibres. In textile applications, biopolymers such as chitosan, polysaccharides, and proteins have demonstrated good qualities, including high water absorption capacity and great dyeability. The antibacterial and antifungal attributes of chitosan, which is derived from chitin, make it suitable for use in medical textiles. Biopolymers, like different polysaccharides, have demonstrated promising results in the dying, printing, finishing, medical textiles, and packaging industries. Biopolymer performance in textile applications depends on several variables, including processing conditions, blend ratios, and finishing treatments. Adjusting the proportions of natural fibres and synthetic polymers can also improve the final product's qualities. This chapter will examine the characteristics and performance of these biopolymers used in textile applications. It will discuss the origins, characteristics, and applications of biopolymers in the textile sector.