Increasing Lifetime Using Modified LEACH Protocol and Optimal Selection Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Hydroponic the power sources for nodes in wireless sensor networks haven’t been able to be recharged because of environmental factors. It makes it hard for WSNs to save energy and keep a network running for a long time. Most of the sensor energy consumes by the data transmission in WSNs that affects the network lifetime. To reduce the communication protocols’ impact on the overall consumption of energy in a network, different types of mechanisms have been proposed. After utilizing low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) to divide a network into clusters, some nodes were randomly chosen as cluster heads (CHs), and the CH role is rotated among nodes to ensure an even distribution of energy load throughout the network. In this research, a brand-new, modified routing technique is suggested for increasing WSNs’ energy efficiency. This new improved Network lifetime-based LEACH (INL-MLEACH) protocol has been considered the nodes’ residual energy and their average energies. To get the decreased consumption of energy among sensor nodes, INL-MLEACH protocol doesn’t involve the nodes in the formation of a cluster when they are nearer to the Base Station (BS) and considers the optimal CHs. So, the improved delay PSO (DPSO) is employed during the data transfer phase to choose the most energy-efficient relay node based on the cost of the node and the end-to-end delay. This helps keep the network as a whole as energy-efficient as possible. The simulation results are analyzed and proved that the better performance in energy efficiency, network lifetime, and communication quality with the proposed method.