Rudder Hydrodynamics
摘要
The rudder in a ship may be used for various purposes but its main function is to control the direction of the ship. Rudder geometry is described in some detail and the terms associated with it are defined. How the forces and moments acting on a rudder arise is explained. Various types of rudders may be fitted to ships. The hydrodynamic characteristics of a rudder in uniform flow are considered and methods are given to determine rudder forces and moments. The performance of a rudder fitted at the stern of a ship is examined, including the interaction between the rudder, the hull and the propeller. The effect of cavitation and aeration on rudder performance is described.