Examination of the Unconscious Patient

Unconscious patients should have neurological examinations to not only help determine the site and nature of the lesion but also to monitor the progress and determine the prognosis of the illness. The evaluations of the comatose patients require a stepwise approach starting with a history, physical examination and laboratory evaluation. The causes of coma may be reversible especially when detected early. The examiner should determine where is the lesion responsible for coma, the nature and what are the urgent steps that are needed at the time to prevent further neurological damage.