Biobased Nanomaterials in Nutraceuticals

Research has yet to demonstrate the biobased materials’ significant contribution as a renewable, limitless source of natural constituents required for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications (including forestry residues, such as tree branches, bark, or residues of industrial crops and bushes). On the other hand, a wide application of nanotechnology is expanding in food science and food industry disciplines as the fastest-growing as well as the most promising nanomaterial applications. As a result, the use of biocompatible nanomaterials is growing in significance and is gradually turning into a necessity for human exposure, particularly in the context of food consumption. Actually, the use of high-performance, lightweight, novel, and environmentally friendly components in place of traditional or conventional nonbiodegradable materials is becoming more and more possible thanks to bio-nanocomposite materials. Developing biobased nanotechnology has demonstrated considerable potential for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals to enhance human health. Currently, some of the most important biopolymers and extractives, such as sustainable feedstock, are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and chitosan. These materials are used to make high-value-added products. These also comprise biopharmaceuticals, biobased materials, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and functional materials. In the context of the application of nutraceuticals or functional foods, maintaining their bioavailability in the human gut as well as maintaining prolonged functionality is one change the food industry is facing. In some situations, these bioactive substances may give the finished product an unfavorable organoleptic trait, which reduces consumer approval. In order to meet the expectations of consumers, efficient bioactives and biobased nanomaterials play a crucial role in such delivery systems. In order to profit from the health-promoting properties of bioactive components and to continue the market expansion for functional foods, scientific understanding regarding the development of effective bioactive component delivery into contemporary and diverse food products is becoming crucial. The present chapter is a review of biobased nanomaterials in nutraceuticals. It thoroughly reviewed the current status of research on nutraceuticals, functional foods, and foods for medical purposes. It also covered the most important pertinent guidelines, laws, and directives, as well as how these subjects specifically affect certain foods and beverages. The use of biobased nanomaterials helps in resolving environmental hazards due to the biodegradability and nontoxicity of several biopolymers in the nutraceutical-related food industry. Therefore, more in-depth research is necessary to address critical safety challenges as well as provide details on the dangers and risks associated with nanomaterials used in the food industry.