Automatic Identification and Quality Control of Uneven Shot Point Distribution for Enhanced 3D Seismic Data Acquisition in Challenging Terrains

The utilization of high-resolution seismic exploration techniques has significantly improved seismic data quality in challenging mountainous regions. However, achieving optimal source point positioning poses challenges when enhancing high-density three-dimensional acquisition parameters. Factors such as surface obstacles, safety considerations, and coordination issues in these regions can lead to clustered shot points and an uneven distribution geometry. This non-uniform distribution can cause undesirable effects, including footprints, locally abnormal amplitude, and offset images, which hinder high-precision seismic exploration. To address this issue, this study investigates the impact of shot hole layout uniformity on seismic data. It involves analyzing pre-stack observation attributes, conducting forward simulation, and utilizing actual data. Additionally, a novel method is proposed to quantitatively assess shot point distribution uniformity. This method enables automatic and accurate identification of areas with uneven distribution, facilitating geometry adjustment, real-time and effective quality control and improvement. Ultimately, this approach ensures high-quality, efficient seismic acquisition, and precise evaluation.