Design and Analysis of Rocket Motor Nozzle

Nozzles are a significant part of the whole propulsion as they allow the hot exhaust gases to expand. The expansion process depends on the profile of the nozzle. In this study, two types of nozzles, namely the conical nozzle and bell-type nozzle, have been considered. The bell-type nozzle has a parabolic contour, and the method used to make this profile is the method of characteristics. This method utilizes the Prandtl–Meyer expansion, which reduces the expansion zone to the point where it reduces the nozzle's overall length. Generally, a bell-type nozzle is 80% longer than an equivalent convergent–divergent nozzle with a conical profile. Further, conical nozzles of three different geometries have been considered, and all the nozzles have the same area ratio. The nozzles are designed using CAD software and then analyzed using commercial CFD software. The results are then summarized and compared based on their performances for the same boundary conditions to determine the nozzle with a better performance.