Introduction

This chapter explores the transitioning of supervision practices from conventional hierarchical models to a notable focus on team-based framework. The 14 case studies indicate regional shifts in doctoral education and the rise of co-supervision models. The case studies provide insights into national and institutional policies, mentoring programs, workload allocations, conflict mitigation and good practices related to co-supervision. Additionally, the complexities and challenges of co-supervision, institutional and national policies, conflict resolution, workload distribution, such as managing roles and responsibilities and navigating power dynamics are discussed.