Gender and Migration from a Development Assessment

The volume of [Im]migration has grown domestically and internationally in the last few decades (Castles in J Ethn Migr Stud 36:1565–1586, 2010). It will be a complex phenomenon (Piper in, Int Migr Rev 40:133–164, 2006), although political variables influence every aspect of the migration process and raise numerous political issues locally and internationally (Aydiner in The implications of gender on international migration. Beyond the Horizon, 2020). The relationship between development conditions and migration flows is much more complex and nuanced than is usually acknowledged in policy discourse, especially at the national level (Ullah in Introduction to migration studies. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 295–308, 2021). Numerous studies have shown that financial and economic development (measured by increased GDP per capita) will likely increase migration to a certain threshold. This is referred to as a “migration hill.”