C4 Cereal-Based Fodder Systems

C4 summer cereals are important fodder crops across the world. These cereals are being grown during the summer season in South Asia. The crops included in this group are maize, millet, and sorghum. These fodder crops are being grown in the following cropping systems, i.e., maize-sorghum, maize-millet, maize-maize, sorghum-millet, sorghum-sorghum, and millet-millet. Overall, productivity of C4 crops is better than C3 crops. But due to climatic uncertainty, the production of C4 cereal fodder is lower than the potential yield. Therefore, climate-smart production practices must be adopted for these crops for harvesting higher yields.