Targeted Nano-based Drug Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the utmost widespread neurodegenerative illness, contributes to an enormous and expanding healthcare burden and impairs cognitive function in more than 50 million people globally. It is an irreversible form of dementia that primarily affects older people. Its typical clinical signs include memory loss and deteriorating cognitive abilities. The highly varied nature of AD, with various underlying hypotheses and complex pathophysiology, is blamed for the failure to produce effective medications, although this is not the only explanation. In addition, the difficulties posed by blood–brain interfaces surrounding the CNS, reducing the bioavailability of therapies, limit targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) for the diagnosis and management of neurological illnesses like AD. Few attempts at designing a sensible pharmacological therapy have been successful, despite tremendous work in the field of nano-based drug delivery. As a potent substitute for current medication delivery methods, nanotechnology offers fresh promise for the treatment of AD.