Substrate Based and Substrate Free in Vivo Production Technologies of AMF

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil fungi, form symbiosis with most of the crop plants and their requirements are increased day by day in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry programs to increase the plant productivity and increase the plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Since AMF is obligate root symbionts, the mass production of AM fungi is very difficult. Many research techniques have been developed for mass production of AM fungi in the past decades. Three methods, viz., soil or substrate based, substrate free, and in vitro production of AMF were developed at large scale. In this chapter, recent and advanced methods of substrate based and substrate free in vivo production technologies of AMF are highlighted and discussed.