Development of Sensor Enabled Sustainable Operation of the Gas Electron Multiplier for Optimal Performance

Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors have been used in various applications because of their outstanding spatial and time resolutions, high-rate handling capabilities, and design flexibility. GEM detectors are a potential instrument for nuclear and particle physics studies. The GEM detector operates in an environmentally friendly and sustainable gas combinations. The purity and quality of the gases are essential for the stable operation of GEM detectors. Impurities in a gas mixture and ambient conditions significantly impact the detector’s operational performance. In this article, we will discuss the ever expanding uses of sensors that offer more practical and affordable systems for monitoring environmental conditions inside detectors and hence allows us to improve its performance. The sensor has been integrated with a monitoring system and tested the ambient conditions deep inside the detector’s volume. Data from these tests were used to evaluate the performance of the detector, refine the results, and validate their applicability in the variable conditions. A correlation between gain and various parameters like temperature, pressure, and humidity have been established, which proved extremely critical for the optimal performance of the detector.