Dentistry’s evolution as a clinical discipline is intricately woven with humanity’s diverse scientific, cultural, and religious practices, reflecting a spectrum of approaches to oral healthcare that span millennia. Ancient civilizations used sharpened flints in Mesopotamia to alleviate dental pain. Mayan elites used jade tooth inlays to portray their status, and early interventions blended utility with societal values. Religious traditions, too, have left an indelible mark on the evolution of dentistry: Vedic texts from ancient India prescribed herbal concoctions for oral ailments, rooted in Ayurvedic principles of balance, while medieval Christian monks documented tooth extractions as acts of penance or healing, guided by humoral theory, medieval Muslim practiced herbal remedies such as cloves to ease toothache and routine oral healthcare practice using miswak (a traditional chewing stick prepared from the roots, twigs, and stem of Salvadora persica) for brushing teeth. These varied methods demonstrated efforts to address oral disease using validated methods in their time. In the twenty-first century, dentistry harnesses innovations such as digital radiography, biomimetic materials, and remote consultations. Looking ahead, the field must reconcile its scientific foundations with the cultural and spiritual dimensions that continue to influence oral health behaviors.