High-Efficiency Development of Shallow Ordinary Heavy Oil Reservoir Utilizing Small Well Spacing Steam Thermal Method

The K1br Formation reservoir of A Oilfield in Kazakhstan is a shallow ordinary heavy oil reservoir. The pilot development effect is poor using the cold development method, and the reserves have not been effectively utilized. In order to utilize the reservoir effectively, it is necessary to conduct research on optimizing reasonable development methods. In view of the problem that the initial production of the infill wells is reduced due to the large well spacing steam thermal development and then infilling of similar oil reservoirs at domestic and abroad, firstly, the reasonable development method is determined through literature research and combination with on-site tests of steam stimulation, secondly, the reasonable well spacing of thermal development is determined through reservoir engineering method, numerical simulation method and empirical formula, and then, the reasonable injection and production parameters are optimized. The research results indicate that steam injection thermal development is feasible for the K1br Formation reservoir, and it will have a better effect by directly adopting the 70 m × 100 m reverse nine-spot small pattern for the thermal development. After the implement of the project, the average daily oil production per well is able to increase from 0.7 t in cold development to 4.5 t in thermal development, the daily oil production level is able to increase from 2.4 t/d in 2017 to 655.9 t/d in 2021 with the oil-steam ratio of 0.74, so the steam stimulation is able to achieve better development effect.