Environmental Control in Facility-Based Plant Production Systems as Semi-closed Systems

In facility-based plant production, the most important issue is the development of technology to control plant growth efficiently at a low cost. To optimize plant production by minimizing the rate of energy and material input, it is essential to understand the major physical and environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and quality, gas components, and air movement, which affect photosynthesis, transpiration, and thus plant growth. Consideration of the optimum control of ecological factors is also important in facility-based plant production ecosystems. The methods for producing plants that have functions and morphological aspects that meet the needs of humans are also discussed in this section.