Heart sounds include both normal and abnormal phonocardiogram (PCG) signals. Cardiac auscultation by conventional stethoscope remains the gold standard for initial screening of cardiac status. However, conventional stethoscopes could not be used effectively during COVID-19 pandemic when social distancing and heavily plugged facemasks covering both ears made auscultation by conventional stethoscopes impossible. During this period, we developed and validated the use of an electronic stethoscope which can help in auscultation from a distance of 5–6 m. Furthermore, the data acquired by electronic stethoscopes can be converted into acoustic signals which can be transmitted through the internet to medical personnel sitting thousands of kilometers away for accurate assessment. This chapter provides a general overview of cardiovascular illnesses followed by the use and comparison of conventional and electronic stethoscopes.