The Application of Nanomaterials in Biological and Biomedical Processes: Advances and Perspectives

The extensive use of nanomaterials in diverse biological and biomedical processes is examined in this chapter, with a focus on current developments and promising future applications. It starts with an introduction of nanomaterials and historical background and then looks at their physicochemical characteristics. The sections that follow explore their uses in bioimaging, biosensing, and disease detection, as well as their crucial roles in medication delivery systems and bone substitute implants. Also covered are nanoparticle-based treatments for cancer, HIV, and microbial diseases. This chapter also examines the biological applications of liposomes, nanopatterned flat surfaces, and carbon nanotubes, as well as the usage of nanomaterials in scaffolds for tissue engineering and vascular implants. Following a discussion of the ethical ramifications of using nanomaterials in the healthcare system, a critical examination of the toxicity of nanostructured materials is offered. A review of the prospects and difficulties for the use of nanomaterials in biological and biomedical applications is also presented in the chapter.