Dynamic Requirement Elicitation and Forecasting for Smart Product-Service System Innovation via User-Manufacturer Dual Perspective

The integration of digitalization and servitization has pushed the manufacturers to develop the smart product-service system (smart PSS), which highlight user-centric and value co-creation. Current research has not yet fully considered the influence of stakeholders, and the dynamic elicitation and forecasting for smart PSS innovation requirements. This study adopts a user-manufacturer dual perspective to propose an integrated framework for dynamic requirement elicitation and forecasting for smart product-service system. The dynamic topic model (DTM) and bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model are combined with the dynamic importance-performance analysis (DIPA) to classify the innovation requirements of smart PSS. Then, the improvement indexes of these requirements are forecasted by a grey forecasting model to predict the future design direction of smart PSS. The feasibility of the proposed framework is verified by an empirical study on smartwatch.