Hybrid Composites of Kenaf and Carbon: Exploring Characterization and Tensile Properties in Multi-stack Configuration

The remarkable properties exhibited by hybrid composites, which combine synthetic fibers and natural fibers, have captured the attention of researchers. Interest grows from the unique capability of these fibers to complement and overcome each other’s intrinsic limitations. Hence, this study focuses on producing hybrid composites by combination kenaf fiber (K) with carbon fiber (C) as reinforcement, and epoxy resin as matrix, via vacuum infusion process. Four stacking configurations of the fibers were designed, CKCKC, CCKCC, CKCK, and KCKCK. The tensile properties of fabricated hybrid composites were evaluated to investigate the effects of stacking sequences on tensile performance. Results showed that having carbon fiber as the outer layer on the CKCKC hybrid composites enhanced the tensile properties with the highest tensile strength of 210.49 MPa. The tensile fractured failures were investigated under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Surface morphology of CKCKC hybrid composite attains a good lamination between carbon-kenaf layers showing evidence of an effective matrix-binding with the stacking configuration.