Mean Solar Quiet Profiling of Geomagnetic Field H-Component for Langkawi Observatory in Solar Cycle-24

It is well known that the geomagnetic field exhibits consistent diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle fluctuations. In this paper, the seasonal variations of the quiet day (Sq) of the geomagnetic field in the recent solar cycle were obtained to characterise the profiling behaviour of the geomagnetic field using the horizontal component (H-component) at Langkawi. Long-term data analysis was limited to Magnetic Data Acquisition System (MAGDAS) data from 2011, 2012, 2013, 2016, and 2018. It was discovered that the seasonal variations of the geomagnetic field component during Sq demonstrated Langkawi as an equatorial station where the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field, MSq(H), peaked during the equinox for most of the year. The value is comparable to the predicted value by the model of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) at 41,794 nT. This information can be used to improve the accuracy of geomagnetic models and predictions, as well as gain a better understanding of the regular variations of Sq in Langkawi, one of equatorial observatories in Southeast Asia.