Sex/Gender Differences in Sleep Physiology and Sleep Disorders

Sleep is a fundamental physiological process that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and well-being. Over the past few decades, research has highlighted intriguing sex differences in various aspects of sleep, including sleep architecture, sleep-wake regulation, sleep disorders, and the impact of sleep on health outcomes. It is crucial to understand the various factors affected by sex differences in order to optimize sleep interventions and promote better sleep health in both men and women. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature on sex/gender differences in sleep physiology and sleep disorders, highlighting the underlying biological, behavioral, and sociocultural factors, contributing to these differences.