Cyberspace Endogenous Security and Safety Problems

While people are enjoying the new living and working experiences that digital, networking, and intelligent technologies have brought to the modern society, cyberspace security and safety problems have become a lingering specter, threatening the basic order and rules of the digital world at all times, and trampling on the common values and codes of conduct of the human society without any bottom line. In uneasy anxiety and unintelligible fear, people have been struggling to think about the causes for all this and why the “ancestral tactics” of “fighting back the enemy with soldiers headed by generals” or the modern defensive tactics based on all-dimensional perception and precision strike are no longer effective. Even if defensive positions are deployed in great depths and even “zero trust architecture” technical arrangements are adopted, they are still used as a stage or arena by those “ghostly” network hackers from time to time to show their muscles or skills. In particular, today’s mainstream security defense technologies based on prior knowledge and various knowledge bases, the patching methodology of “closing doors and blocking holes,” and the practical norms of “best bodyguard-style services,” all of which constitute a cybersecurity defense paradigm, is increasingly unable to deal with advanced persistent threats (APTs) based on the design defects of the underlying driver technology of the digital ecosystem. In other words, how to prevent “unknown” man-made attacks that have crossed the current boundary conditions of network security defense has become a severe challenge that the development of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and digital industry have to face in the digital society today.