Combustion Characteristics of Water-In-Diesel (WD) and Ethanol-In-Diesel Droplets

The impactImpact of water content on burning rate and secondary atomization in emulsion droplets is not well understood. Studies suggest that higher water content may lead to increased burning rates, but the reasons behind this are unclear. Additionally, the influence of combustion stability on secondary atomization and its effect on burning rate needs further investigation. The study aimed to investigate the combustion characteristics, burning rate, and stability of water-in-dieselDiesel (WD) and ethanol-in-dieselDiesel (ED) emulsion fuels, while the present paper sought to assess the burning rate of various water-based components in emulsion droplets under different temperatures. High-speed cameras and advanced imaging techniques were used to analyze the evaporation rates and burning rate constants of emulsion droplets under varying temperatures. The concentration of the volatile component and its distribution within the droplets were examined. The results showed that ED had advantages over WD, exhibiting faster and more stable combustion due to its higher-octane rating and better fuel–air mixing. WD, on the other hand, had disruptive properties and resulted in unstable combustion. This research contributes to the development of sustainable and efficient fuel formulations.