IoT-Enabled Monitoring of Prefabricated Drain Performance for Ground Improvement—A Review

Prefabricated vertical geodrain (PVD) is a ground improvement technique used to improve the soil’s strength and reduce its compressibility. PVDs are installed vertically in the ground and are made of geotextile or geocomposite materials. The use of IoT in PVD installation and monitoring can help optimize the technique’s performance and ensure that the desired level of improvement is achieved. Prefabricated drains are a popular ground improvement technique used to improve the strength and drainage characteristics of soil. However, the performance of prefabricated drains can be affected by various factors, such as soil properties, installation methods, and environmental conditions. To optimize the performance of prefabricated drains, it is important to monitor their performance in real-time and make adjustments as necessary. In this paper, we present an IoT-enabled monitoring system for prefabricated drains that can provide real-time data on drain performance and soil behaviour. The system includes sensors that can measure parameters such as soil moisture, pore water pressure, and drain flow rate. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted wirelessly to a central server where it is analyzed and used to optimize drain performance. We also present a case study of the application of the IoT-enabled monitoring system to a prefabricated drain installation in a construction site. The results of the case study demonstrate the effectiveness of the monitoring system in improving the performance of the prefabricated drain and reducing construction costs.