A Review on Person Identification Using Periocular Biometrics

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus in 2019 (Covid-19) has shaken the whole world, placing everyone in a panic situation. Considering its long-term effects on day-to-day lives, the necessity of wearing a facemask and social distancing brings the picture requirement of contactless biometrics for authentication which is why periocular biometrics is the best solution. In recent years, periocular recognition has advanced to the point that it can reliably be utilized for personal identification, either on its own or in combination with similar modalities like iris and face, particularly in unconstrained settings. This has been the case whether the recognition is performed when the other modalities are combined or as a stand-alone trait. It offers several benefits, the first of which is that the region in question might be readily clipped from previously captured photographs of faces. Second, the procedure of capturing it is less invasive than the process of capturing the iris. This part of a person's face is very photogenic because it can be photographed from a variety of angles with little to no effort, making it ideal for use by surveillance cameras. Thirdly, the periocular region can be managed to capture, which provides essential information even in crime scenes in which masks conceal the face or in circumstances in which the individual's face is hidden because of cultural or religious considerations. This is because the periocular region is located on the side of the head that is closest to the eyes. This is because the periocular region is resistant to face occlusion and has the least amount of influence over facial change. In other words, it can provide useful information even when the face is covered. This survey compares and contrasts the several methods that have been used for periocular detection at various stages, including segmentation strategies, picture preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction algorithms. The purpose of this survey is to make it easier for students, researchers, and hobbyists who are interested in the study of biometrics or any other similar application research to have a fast understanding of the growth that has taken place in this area.