Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a computational imaging technique for high-resolution and wide-field image acquisition. By capturing multiple low-resolution images at varying illumination angles, it synthetically expands the numerical aperture of the system to achieve super-resolution imaging that surpass the diffraction limit. However, the reconstruction process is extremely time-consuming, significantly limiting its practical applications. To address this, we have designed a ring-shaped LED array and an accelerated iterative reconstruction algorithm by utilizing an image content guided adaptive image updating scheme. It progressively reduces the data volume by reducing the number of low-resolution images used during the reconstruction to accelerate convergence. Experimental results using the resolution chart and seven biological slides demonstrate that the proposed method achieves about 60% reduction in reconstruction time on average with negligible degradation in image quality.