Skin, the largest organ of mammals, provides critical functions including internal organ protection, temperature control, and electrolyte/fluid balance maintenance. Loss of skin integrity impacts overall health, requiring its timely restoration. Skin regeneration, or wound healingWound healing, is a physiological process comprising hemostasis, inflammationInflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. DysregulationDysregulation of wound healing of these phases, often exacerbated by bacterial infectionsBacterial infections that prolong inflammation, can result in chronic woundsChronic wounds. The medical community and researchers are gathering efforts to develop highly efficient and novel treatment strategies for managing chronic wounds. Researchers cannot disregard an important factor sustainability and reduced environmental impact of the new therapeutical approaches. So, natural materials have been investigators main choice to advance the creation of innovative medical devices designed for wound recovery, being an example cellulose. Cellulose, a naturally abundant polymer, has emerged as a versatile biomaterial with remarkable potential in the management of wounds, owing its biodegradable, biocompatible, and mechanical properties. This chapter will explore the physiology and dysregulation ofPhysiology of wound healing wound healingWound healing, highlighting the impact of a microbial infection. It will delve into theCellulose characterization characterization of cellulose, its derivatives, and cellulose-based biomaterialsCellulose-based biomaterials with improved antibacterialAntibacterial biomaterials and skin regeneration properties. Special emphasis will be placed on natural-based cellulose sourcesNatural cellulose sources, particularly grape stemsGrape stems as a sustainable and underutilized resource. This comprehensive analysis underscores the role of cellulose and its derivatives as innovative solutions for wound care, particularly addressing its microbial resistance and reduce carbon print.